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Judges beyond Politics in Democracy and Dictatorship: Lessons from Chile民主和专政中超越政治的法官：来自智利的教训书籍详细信息
- ISBN：9780521876643
- 作者：暂无作者
- 出版社：暂无出版社
- 出版时间：2007-06
- 页数：316
- 价格：636.20
- 纸张：胶版纸
- 装帧：精装
- 开本：16开
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内容简介：
This book examines different hypotheses about Chilean judicial behavior before, during, and after the authoritarian interlude. The book explores arguments based on judges' personal policy preferences, social class, and legal philosophy, but contends that institutional features, grounded in the ideal of "apoliticism," best explain judges' conservative and conformist conduct.
书籍目录：
Acknowledgments
Introduction
Overview of the Argument
Methodology and Data Reporting
Plan of the Book
1 The Judiciary, the Rule of Law, and Democracy: Aspirations and Impediments
The Judicial Role in Democracy and Democratization
So Why Bother with Judges?
The Roots of Judicial Behavior in General
Judicial Behavior in Illiberal Contexts: Specific Hypotheses
The Regime-Related Explanation
The Attitudinal Explanation
The Class-Based Explanation
The Legal Theory Explanation
The Institutional Argument
2 The Institutional Construction of the Judicial Role in Chile
Law and Courts in Colonial Times and in Early Independence
Law and Courts under the Portalian Republic
Law and Courts before and during the Parliamentary Republic
The Judiciary in Constitutional Transition and Dictatorship
The Development of Conservative Judicial Activism from 1932 to the 1960s
Conclusion
3 Conservative Activism in the Heyday of Democracy, 1964–1973
The Judicial Role in the Frei and Allende Years
Explaining the Judicial Role under Frei and Allende
Conclusion
4 Legitimizing Authoritarianism, 1973–1990
PART I: 1973–1980: “THE RULE OF LAW SHOW”
The Military Government’s Approach to Law (1973–1980)
The Judicial Response to Military Law and Policy (1973–1980)
Habeas Corpus (Amparo)
Review of Military Court Decisions
Constitutional Review (Inaplicabilidad por Inconstitucionalidad)
The New Constitutional Review Mechanism: Recurso de Protección
High-Profile Public Law Cases
Summary, 1973–1980
PART II: 1981–1990: THE “NEW INSTITUTIONAL ORDER”
The Military Government’s Approach to Law (1981–1990)
The Judicial Response to Military Law and Policy (1981–1990)
Habeas Corpus (Amparo)
Constitutional Review I: Recursos de Protección
Constitutional Review II: Inaplicabilidad por Inconstitucionalidad
High-Profile Public Law Cases
Summary, 1981–1990
PART III: EXPLAINING THE JUDICIAL ROLE UNDER PINOCHET, 1973–1990
Regime-Related Factors
Political Attitudes and Preferences
Legal Philosophy
Institutional Structure and Ideology
Conclusion
5 Continuity and Change after the Return to Democracy, 1990–2000
Democratic-Era Efforts to Liberalize Law and Justice
The Judicial Role in the 1990s
Decisions in Authoritarian-Era Rights Cases
Decisions in Postauthoritarian Rights Cases
Explaining the Judicial Role in the New Democracy
Conclusion
6 Conclusions and Implications
Institutionalized Apoliticism
Institutionalized Apoliticism in Comparative Perspective
Broader Implications of the Argument
The Limits of Judicial Independence
Institutions as Rules and Roles
In Defense of Political Courts
Appendix A:Orienting Information on Chilean Law and Courts
Appendix B:List of Interviewees (alphabetical by category)
References
Index
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作者简介：
Lisa Hilbink is a two-time Fulbright grantee to Chile and Spain. From 2000 to 2003, she was Post-Doctoral Fellow in the Princeton University Society of Fellows and Lecturer at the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs. Her doctoral thesis, upon which this book is based, won the Best Dissertation Award for 1999/2000 from the Western Political Science Association. Dr Hilbink is a member of the American Political Science Association, the Law and Society Association, and the Latin American Studies Association. She is now Assistant Professor at the University of Minnesota, Twin Cities.
书籍介绍
Why did formerly independent Chilean judges, trained under and appointed by democratic governments, facilitate and condone the illiberal, antidemocratic, and anti-legal policies of the Pinochet regime? Challenging the assumption that adjudication in non-democratic settings is fundamentally different and less puzzling than it is in democratic regimes, this 2007 book offers a longitudinal analysis of judicial behavior, demonstrating striking continuity in judicial performance across regimes in Chile. The work explores the relevance of judges' personal policy preferences, social class, and legal philosophy, but argues that institutional factors best explain the persistent failure of judges to take stands in defense of rights and rule of law principles. Specifically, the institutional structure and ideology of the Chilean judiciary, grounded in the ideal of judicial apoliticism, furnished judges with professional understandings and incentives that left them unequipped and disinclined to take stands in defense of liberal democratic principles, before, during, and after the authoritarian interlude.
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